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西湖凹陷中新统古地貌恢复及特征分析

Paleogeomorphological reconstruction and characterization of the Miocene strata in Xihu Sag

  • 摘要: 西湖凹陷是东海陆架盆地核心油气勘探区,中新世末龙井运动引发的地层剥蚀量长期存在争议,现有成果难以精准刻画古地貌,该文系统开展该区中新统古地貌恢复。优选邻层厚度比值法来恢复地层剥蚀量,辅以单井数据交叉验证,保障剥蚀量计算结果的可靠性;采用回剥法建立岩石物理模型,完成地层压实校正与古厚度恢复;最终通过残余地层厚度、剥蚀厚度与压实量的叠合计算,实现了西湖凹陷中新统沉积前古地貌的定量重建与系统分析。结果表明剥蚀区域主要发生在凹陷东侧背斜带,东部剥蚀量在20002800 m的范围,远大于过往800~1000 m的认识。恢复后的中新统古地貌呈现东西两侧海拔较高、北部海拔整体高于南部的地形特征,盆地发育单一汇聚中心,整体呈北东-南西向条带状展布,东侧地势陡峭,西侧地势相对平缓,沉积沉降中心位于凹陷中北部。该研究重新计算了龙井运动造成的地层剥蚀量,明确了中新统古地貌的整体格局,为研究区中新统沉积相分布规律研究与砂体空间展布预测提供重要的理论依据,对西湖凹陷有利勘探区带优选具有重要指导意义。

     

    Abstract: Xihu Sag represents the core hydrocarbon exploration target of East China Sea Shelf Basin. The magnitude of erosion caused by Longjing Movement during the late Miocene has long been controversial. As existing research results cannot precisely characterize paleogeomorphology, this paper systematically reconstructs the Miocene paleogeomorphology of the study area. The adjacent-layer thickness ratio method is adopted to calculate stratigraphic erosion, with cross-validation from single-well data to ensure reliability. A petrophysical model was established via the back-stripping method is applied to establish to correct for compaction and restore the original thickness. Finally, by integrating residual thickness, erosion thickness, and compaction effects, the quantitative reconstruction and systematic analysis of the pre-Miocene depositional paleogeomorphology in Xihu Sag were achieved. The results show that erosion primarily occurred in the eastern anticlinal zone, with erosion amounts ranging from 2000 m to 2800 m, significantly greater than the previous estimate of 800 m to 1000 m. The reconstructed Miocene paleogeomorphology exhibits higher elevations on both the eastern and western sides, and generally higher topography in the north than in the south. The basin has a single depocenter, with a northeast-southwest trending zonal structure, steep eastern flank and relatively gentle western slopes. The depocenter is located in the central-northern part of the sag. This study provides a revised estimate of the erosion caused by Longjing Movement and delineates the overall paleogeomorphology framework of the Miocene strata. These findings offer a theoretical basis for understanding the distribution of the Miocene sedimentary facies and predicting sand-body distribution, and offer significant guidance for selecting favorable exploration targets in Xihu Sag.

     

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