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基于多尺度地震沉积学分析的河道砂体三维精细表征以东海陆架盆地Y地区花港组地层为例

3D fine characterization of fluvial channel sandbodies based on multi-scale seismic sedimentology analysis: a case study of Huagang Formation in the Y Area, East China Sea Shelf Basin

  • 摘要: 东海陆架盆地Y地区花港组H3b1砂层河道砂体识别难度大,工区面积1200 km2,仅11口钻井,井网稀疏,薄储层横向变化快,常规沿层属性切片还存在穿时效应,导致井间对比可靠性差,难以精细刻画沉积相。为解决上述问题,该研究基于高精度三维地震数据,采用地震沉积学技术路线,通过90°相位转换将地震反射界面转为岩性响应界面以压制穿时假象,结合频谱分解与多频段RGB(red green blue)融合筛选出对薄层敏感的频段以增强河道边界识别能力,联合测井相标定地震属性,最终在H3b1层成功识别出4条NE-SW走向的分流河道。实际资料验证表明,该方法有效提升了复杂河道砂体的识别精度,新识别出的河道为研究区新增天然气探明储量提供了可靠的地质依据。

     

    Abstract: It is difficult to identify the channel sand bodies of the H3b1 layer of Huagang Formation in the Y area, East China Sea Shelf Basin. The study area covers 1200 km2 with only 11 drilled wells, resulting in a sparse well network. Thin reservoirs exhibit rapid lateral variations, and conventional stratum-slice attributes suffer from the time-transgressive effects, leading to poor reliability in well-to-well correlation and making it difficult to finely characterize sedimentary facies. To address the above problems, this study adopted a seismic sedimentology workflow based on high-precision 3D seismic data. Specifically, 90° phase correction was applied to convert seismic reflection interfaces into lithological response interfaces, suppressing the time-transgressive artifacts. Combined spectral decomposition with multi-band RGB (red green blue) fusion, frequency bands sensitive to thin beds are selected to improve channel boundary identification, and integrated with well-log facies to calibrate seismic attributes. As a result, four NE-SW trending distributary channels are successfully identified in H3b1 layer. Practical application demonstrates that this method effectively improves the identification accuracy of complex channel sandbodies, and the newly identified channels provide a reliable geological basis for the newly proven natural gas reserves in the study area.

     

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