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灰岩裂缝储层钻井技术在渤海某油田的应用

Application of drilling technology in fractured limestone reservoirs in an oilfield of Bohai

  • 摘要: 为解决渤海某油田古生界灰岩裂缝储层钻井中“失返性漏失频发、机械钻速慢、压力体系不统一导致喷漏同存”的核心难题,通过系统研究与现场实践,构建了涵盖“凝胶+桥堵”复合堵漏、加强型扭冲工具、精细控压钻井与复杂工况处置的一体化技术体系。该套技术在X井的应用成效显著,采用复合堵漏技术后,漏失速率从60~70 m3/h降至5~6 m3/h,降幅超90%。应用加强型扭冲工具后,机械钻速达15 m/h,较同区块使用简易钻具的Y井(2.5 m/h)提速5倍,较使用常规提速钻具的Z井(7.6 m/h)提速1倍,且单趟进尺达366 m,钻头磨损轻微。同时,通过精细控压技术有效平衡喷漏矛盾,从作业安全性与钻进效率双维度提升整体效益,最终顺利钻至目标井深并取全取准地质资料。该套技术为灰岩裂缝储层的高效勘探提供了行之有效的技术方案,具备推广价值。

     

    Abstract: To address the core challenges in drilling the Paleozoic fractured limestone reservoirs of an oilfield in Bohai Sea, namely "frequent lost circulation, low rate of penetration (ROP), and coexistence of blowout and lost circulation caused by inconsistent pressure systems", an integrated technology system has been established through systematic research and field practice. This system covers "gel + bridging" composite lost circulation control, enhanced torsional impact tools, precision managed pressure drilling (MPD), and efficient handling of complex working conditions. The application of this technology in Well X has achieved remarkable results. After adopting the composite lost circulation control technology, the lost circulation rate dropped from 60~70 m3/h to 5~6 m3/h, a reduction of over 90%. With the enhanced torsional impact tools, the ROP reached 15 m/h, which was 5 times higher than that of Well Y (2.5 m/h) using simple drilling tools in the same block, and twice as high as that of Well Z (7.6 m/h) using conventional ROP-enhancing drilling tools. Additionally, the single-trip footage reached 366 m with slight bit wear. Meanwhile, the fine MPD technology effectively balanced the contradiction between blowout and lost circulation, improving the overall efficiency in terms of both operation safety and drilling efficiency. Eventually, the well was successfully drilled to the target depth, and complete and accurate geological data was acquired. This technology provides an effective technical solution for the efficient exploration of fractured limestone reservoirs and has popularization value.

     

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