Abstract: There is a certain pressure loss during natural gas pipeline transportation, increasing energy consumption in the process. To reduce natural gas transportation costs, injecting natural gas drag reducers during transportation to reduce transportation losses is a widely accepted low-cost method. Research on drag reducers mainly focuses on long carbon chain five and six-membered heterocyclic amphiphilic compounds. To develop a novel natural gas drag reducer, this paper synthesized a long carbon chain imidazole-based JL natural gas drag reducer using hexadecanoic acid and diethylenetriamine as raw materials. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the synthesized JL natural gas drag reducer could effectively form a film on the steel surface, significantly improving surface roughness. Indoor performance evaluation results showed that the comprehensive drag reduction efficiency of one month was stable at 13%～15%, significantly enhancing the drag reduction efficiency and transportion enhancement efficiency of natural gas pipelines. The results of the 28 days on-site drag reduction test indicated that the drag reduction efficiency and throughput improvement rate could reach up to 9.51% and 4.44%, with average values of 4.14% and 1.98%. These findings confirm that the JL natural gas drag reducer has certain effects on reducing drag and enhancing transmission in pipeline transportation of natural gas.