Abstract: Based on the analysis of resources home and abroad, the exploitation techniques are generated in this paper. The decompressing technique, thermal excitation technique, chemical reagent technique are the normal techniques to exploit natural gas hydrates. The combination of the thermal excitation technique and decompressing technique has bright future. Meanwhile, according to the natural gas hydrates characteristic of distributing and drilling and generating environment, natural gas hydrates may be damaged in reservoir such as temperature sensitiveness, pressure sensitiveness, well leakage and blowout, borehole shrinkage and borehole creepage, ect. This paper analyzes the principles and possible damage of all kinds of reservoir damage, and proposes solving measures.