Abstract: In the middle and late stage of oilfield development, the number of low efficiency wells is increasing year by year. The comprehensive treatment of low efficiency wells is the main work to be carried out in the oilfield. How to ensure that the treatment of low efficiency wells is effective is the main problem facing the development of old oilfield. In order to improve the treatment effect of low efficiency oil wells and the overall development benefit of old oilfields, based on the evaluation system of single well benefit in oil fields, the evaluation criteria, methods and index system suitable for the treatment benefit potential of low efficiency wells are explored from the perspective of single well. Through the construction of the evaluation system of the potential benefit of low efficiency oil well treatment, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation was used to evaluate the potential benefit of 57 low efficiency oil wells, which reduced the risk of the implementation of oil well treatment measures and improved the success rate and treatment effect of low efficiency oil well treatment. The field application shows that the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation can improve the objectivity and accuracy of oil well benefit potential evaluation, and has strong practicability and operability.