Abstract: Seismic geophone is a sensor converting mechanical vibration into electrical signals. Different geophones usually have different phase and frequency responses. In this paper, beginning from theoretical equation of geophone vibration, the relationship between seismic reflection quality and geophone responses has been analyzed. Based on geological tasks and technical requirements, specific test has been carried out to assess different geophone characters and their functions under the same acquisition condition. In addition, several attempts on data processing were made to determine the suitable processing methods and parameters, and significant and useful conclusions have been drawn. It has been proved that for exploration targets at shallow depth, high-resolution may be fulfilled by acquisition with low natural frequency geophone plus special processing such as low cut filter.